Hemodiafiltración con reinfusión endógena del ultrafiltrado (HFR): hacia una diálisis convectiva, difusiva y adsortiva / Hemodiafiltration with endogenous reinfusion of the regenerated ultrafiltrate (HFR): Towards a convective, diffusive, and adsorptive dialysis

La hemodiafiltración con reinfusión endógena del ultrafiltrado (HFR) es una técnica de diálisis caracterizada por un cartucho de resina con poder adsorbente que combina los mecanismos difusión, convección y adsorción en un solo esquema terapéutico. Después de cerca de 20 años de experiencia clínica con HFR, el presente artículo revisa la evidencia acumulada con esta técnica, planteando si la adición de la adsorción, como tercer mecanismo depurativo, debería ser el siguiente paso en el tratamiento de los pacientes en hemodiálisis. La HFR, a pesar de producir una extensa eliminación de toxinas urémicas, ha demostrado reducir la pérdida de nutrientes y componentes fisiológicos durante la sesión de diálisis frente a la hemodiafiltración on-line, mitigando el estado inflamatorio y el estrés oxidativo en esta población. Además de su facilidad de uso, la técnica también es altamente biocompatible y puede utilizarse en situaciones de un acceso vascular comprometido. En base a estas observaciones, la HFR parece ser una técnica especialmente útil para pacientes con elevada comorbilidad, incluyendo aquellos con fragilidad, desnutrición o enfermedad cardiovascular. En esta revisión, como panel de consenso de nefrólogos con experiencia clínica en HFR, examinamos la literatura existente y resumimos nuestros puntos de vista sobre cómo usar esta técnica, qué perfil de paciente puede ser más adecuado para la HFR, y cómo prescribir y monitorizar de manera práctica esta modalidad de diálisis (AU)

Hemodiafiltration with endogenous reinfusion of the ultrafiltrate (HFR) is a dialysis technique characterized by a resin cartridge with adsorptive properties that combines the mechanisms of diffusion, convection, and adsorption in a single therapeutic regimen. After nearly 20 years of clinical experience with HFR, this article reviews the accumulated evidence with this technique, considering whether adsorption reduction, as a third purification mechanism, should be the next step in the treatment of hemodialysis patients. HFR, beyond producing an extensive removal of uremic toxins, has demonstrated to reduce the loss of nutrients and other physiological components during the dialysis session as compared to online hemodiafiltration, ameliorating the inflammatory state and oxidative stress in this population. In addition to its ease of use, the technique is also highly biocompatible and can be used in patients with a compromised vascular access. Based on these observations, HFR appears to be an especially useful therapy for high-comorbidity patients, including those with frailty, malnutrition, or cardiovascular disease. In this review, we, as a consensus panel of nephrologists experienced with HFR, survey existing literature and summarize our views on when to use this technique, which patients may be best suited for HFR, and how to effectively prescribe and monitor this modality of dialysis in daily clinical practice (AU)

Hemodiafiltration with endogenous reinfusion of the regenerated ultrafiltrate (HFR): towards a convective, diffusive, and adsorptive dialysis.

Hemodiafiltration with endogenous reinfusion of the ultrafiltrate (HFR) is a dialysis technique characterized by a resin cartridge with adsorptive properties that combines the mechanisms of diffusion, convection, and adsorption in a single therapeutic regimen. After nearly 20 years of clinical experience with HFR, this article reviews the accumulated evidence with this technique, considering whether adsorption reduction, as a third purification mechanism, should be the next step in the treatment of hemodialysis patients. HFR, beyond producing an extensive removal of uremic toxins, has demonstrated to reduce the loss of nutrients and other physiological components during the dialysis session as compared to online hemodiafiltration, ameliorating the inflammatory state and oxidative stress in this population. In addition to its ease of use, the technique is also highly biocompatible and can be used in patients with a compromised vascular access. Based on these observations, HFR appears to be an especially useful therapy for high-comorbidity patients, including those with frailty, malnutrition, or cardiovascular disease. In this review, we, as a consensus panel of nephrologists experienced with HFR, survey existing literature and summarize our views on when to use this technique, which patients may be best suited for HFR, and how to effectively prescribe and monitor this modality of dialysis in daily clinical practice.

Optimizing Diet to Slow CKD Progression.

Due to the unique role of the kidney in the metabolism of nutrients, patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) lose the ability to excrete solutes and maintain homeostasis. Nutrient intake modifications and monitoring of nutritional status in this population becomes critical, since it can affect important health outcomes, including progression to kidney failure, quality of life, morbidity, and mortality. Although there are multiple hemodynamic and metabolic factors involved in the progression and prognosis of CKD, nutritional interventions are a central component of the care of patients with non-dialysis CKD (ND-CKD) and of the prevention of overweight and possible protein energy-wasting. Here, we review the reno-protective effects of diet in adults with ND-CKD stages 3-5, including transplant patients.